Executive Summary
The purpose of the executive summary is to summarize the highlights of the bizplan and to provide a brief snapshot of the company.
Give the reader a fix on the size and type of the company, its management, the products and services it offers, also some basic information about the industry, the size of the target market, and the financial goals of the business.
If your plan is designed to help you get a bank loan, including the information about the amount, type and purpose of the funds you are seeking.
This is an example business plan template created with iPlanner.NET business plan software
| 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
Cash | 152,993 | 82,426 | 211,043 |
Sales revenue | 1,550,000 | 4,000,000 | 5,500,000 |
Net profit for financial year | -215,880 | 167,108 | 391,863 |
Operating margin | -13.9% | 4.18% | 7.12% |
Owners' equity | 34,120 | 201,228 | 593,091 |
Return on equity (per year) | -633% | 83.0% | 66.1% |
Business Overview
The business overview section generally consists the information about your company's legal name, address and contact information.
Briefly describe the ownership and organizational structure, give a mission statement and a list of your objectives and success factors.
Depending on the business model and a type of business plan, you may need to include a description of the location and facilities.
Describe your company's history (if any) or startup information.
Products and Services
The starting point here is a clear statement of what the product is or what service your company will provide.
Explain what makes your products or services unique in the marketplace and how they will differ from those of your competitors.
Do you have any plans to update existing products or to offer new products or services in the next years? If yes, provide a brief description of what you plan to do.
Sales Forecast
You may include comments to your sales forecast expressed below.
Products and services | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
Products on sale | 1,550,000 | 4,000,000 | 5,500,000 |
| 1,550,000 | 4,000,000 | 5,500,000 |
Products and services | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
Products on sale | 35 | 35 | 35 |
Marketing Strategy
The marketing strategy section typically consists of an:
- Industry analysis, which assesses the general industry environment in which you compete.
- Target market analysis, which identifies and quantifies your customers.
- Competitive analysis, which identifies your competitors, their strengths and weaknesses.
- Marketing plan, which explains how you will effectively market your products and services to the target customers.
Management and Staffing
Here you should describe the management and staffing structure of your company.
Discuss how many employees you currently have (if any) and how many you expect to have over the next years.
Point out the key people and their roles on your management team.
Discuss how you will fill the key non-management jobs within your business.
Discuss any factors that could affect your ability to find, hire and keep employees.
Personnel | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
Management | 3 | 3 | 3 |
Blue collar | 4 | 7 | 9 |
| 7 | 10 | 12 |
Average monthly salary (USD) |
Personnel | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
Management | 5,500 | 5,700 | 6,000 |
Blue collar | 4,300 | 4,400 | 4,500 |
| 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
Wages and salaries | 404,400 | 574,800 | 702,000 |
Social security costs | 40,440 | 57,480 | 70,200 |
Labour cost | 444,840 | 632,280 | 772,200 |
REVENUES | 1,550,000 | 4,000,000 | 5,500,000 |
Labour cost to revenues | 28.7% | 15.8% | 14.0% |
| 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
Wages and salaries | 404,400 | 574,800 | 702,000 |
Social security costs | 40,440 | 57,480 | 70,200 |
Labour cost | 444,840 | 632,280 | 772,200 |
REVENUES | 1,550,000 | 4,000,000 | 5,500,000 |
Labour cost to revenues | 28.7% | 15.8% | 14.0% |
Implementation Plan
The implementation plan section you should provide an overview of the types of activities your enterprise must routinely perform. Depending on the business model, you may briefly describe the manufacturing process and/or the process of rendering services, filling orders, collecting money from customers, providing after-sale support, dealing with unexpected occurrences or changing conditions etc.
Overhead Expenses
You may give some comments on the overhead expenses budget included with this chapter.
Other operating expenses (USD) |
Other operating expenses | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
Start-up expenses | 50,000 | 0 | 0 |
Overhead expenses | 300,000 | 500,000 | 600,000 |
| 350,000 | 500,000 | 600,000 |
Investments
Describe your investment plan (purchase of fixed assets) included with this chapter.
Assets purchase value (USD) |
Fixed assets | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
Start-up investments | 50,000 | 0 | 0 |
Fixed assets | 0 | 100,000 | 0 |
| 50,000 | 100,000 | 0 |
Financing
Describe how your company shall be financed (your own contribution, bank loans, equity investments, capital leases, grant financing).
| 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
Current assets | 512,453 | 482,021 | 738,130 |
Fixed assets | 42,500 | 120,000 | 97,500 |
Current liabilities | 320,833 | 381,869 | 240,198 |
Long-term liabilities | 200,000 | 18,925 | 2,341 |
Owners' equity | 34,120 | 201,228 | 593,091 |
Inflows of nominal value (USD) |
Owners | Q1-2022 | Q2-2022 | Q3-2022 | Q4-2022 |
Owner A | 150,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Owner B | 100,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 250,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Loan amounts received (USD) |
Annuity loans | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
Bank loan 2 | 0 | 50,000 | 0 |
| 0 | 50,000 | 0 |
Principal repayments (USD) |
Annuity loans | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
Bank loan 2 | 0 | 14,492 | 16,584 |
| 0 | 14,492 | 16,584 |
Annuity loans | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
Bank loan 2 | 0 | 1,992 | 1,399 |
| 0 | 1,992 | 1,399 |
Financial Projections
Income Statement
The intent of an income statement is to show how much net profit the business will be generating. First, it calculates gross profits. Gross profit is sales revenue minus the cost of sales. Then, the statement begins to account for the other expenses like personnel expenses, rent, and utilities, advertising, etc. Once that is calculated and subtracted from gross profit, it leaves the net profit.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is a snapshot in time about a company's health. The balance sheet totals the company's assets and liabilities. It also tracks the owner's equity by placing it with the liabilities, this provides a way for the two categories to balance. When totaling the assets and liabilities with owner's equity should equal each other. What one finds with this financial is where the business capital and liabilities are placed.
Cash Flow Statement
The cash flow statement shows how cash is flowing in and out of the business. It can be argued the cash flow statement is similar to the income statement with a lot of the same categories. However, a cash flow statement accounts for loan payments, owners draw (dividends outflow), and capital purchases (fixed assets), but not depreciation or write-offs. Any cash transaction is accounted for, so a company's liquidity is being tracked. Its goal is to point out when a business will need cash or be cash rich.
Performance measures (USD) |
| 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
Sales revenue | 1,550,000 | 4,000,000 | 5,500,000 |
Cost of sales | 1,007,500 | 2,600,000 | 3,575,000 |
Gross profit | 542,500 | 1,400,000 | 1,925,000 |
Other operating expenses | 350,000 | 500,000 | 600,000 |
Labour cost | 444,840 | 632,280 | 772,200 |
Depreciation of fixed assets | 7,500 | 22,500 | 22,500 |
Operating profit | -259,840 | 245,220 | 530,300 |
EBITDA | -252,340 | 267,720 | 552,800 |
Financial income and expenses | -28,000 | -22,409 | -7,816 |
Profit before income tax | -287,840 | 222,811 | 522,484 |
Income tax expense | -71,960 | 55,703 | 130,621 |
Profit | -215,880 | 167,108 | 391,863 |
| | | |
Operating margin | -13.9% | 4.18% | 7.12% |
Gross margin | 35% | 35% | 35% |
Sales per employee | 221,429 | 400,000 | 458,333 |
Value added | 192,500 | 900,000 | 1,325,000 |
Value added per employee | 27,500 | 90,000 | 110,417 |
| | | |
Return on equity (per year) | -633% | 83.0% | 66.1% |
Quick ratio | 1.09 | 0.69 | 1.83 |
Current ratio | 1.60 | 1.26 | 3.07 |
ISCR | -9.01 | 11.9 | 70.7 |
DSCR | 0 | 1.13 | 2.46 |
Debt to equity ratio | 11.7 | 1.17 | 0.03 |
Debt to capital ratio | 92.1% | 53.9% | 3.09% |
| | | |
Receivables collection period, days | 29.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 |
Payable period, days | 38.7 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
Inventory period, days | 58.1 | 30.0 | 30.0 |
| 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
Sales revenue | 1,550,000 | 4,000,000 | 5,500,000 |
Cost of sales | 1,007,500 | 2,600,000 | 3,575,000 |
Other operating expenses | 350,000 | 500,000 | 600,000 |
Labour cost | | | |
Wages and salaries | 404,400 | 574,800 | 702,000 |
Social security costs | 40,440 | 57,480 | 70,200 |
Total labour cost | 444,840 | 632,280 | 772,200 |
Depreciation of fixed assets | 7,500 | 22,500 | 22,500 |
Operating profit | -259,840 | 245,220 | 530,300 |
Financial expenses | | | |
Interest expense | 28,000 | 22,409 | 7,816 |
Total financial expenses | 28,000 | 22,409 | 7,816 |
Profit before income tax | -287,840 | 222,811 | 522,484 |
Income tax expense | -71,960 | 55,703 | 130,621 |
Net profit for financial year | -215,880 | 167,108 | 391,863 |
| 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
ASSETS | | | |
Current assets | | | |
Cash | 152,993 | 82,426 | 211,043 |
Receivables and prepayments | | | |
Trade receivables | 125,000 | 166,669 | 229,169 |
Prepaid and deferred taxes | 71,960 | 16,257 | 0.00 |
Inventories | | | |
Inventories | 162,500 | 216,669 | 297,919 |
Total current assets | 512,453 | 482,021 | 738,130 |
Fixed assets | | | |
Tangible assets | | | |
Machinery and equipment | 50,000 | 150,000 | 150,000 |
Less: Accumulated depreciation | -7,500 | -30,000 | -52,500 |
Total | 42,500 | 120,000 | 97,500 |
Total fixed assets | 42,500 | 120,000 | 97,500 |
Total assets | 554,953 | 602,021 | 835,630 |
LIABILITIES and OWNERS' EQUITY | | | |
Liabilities | | | |
Current liabilities | | | |
Loan liabilities | | | |
Short-term loans and notes | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Current portion of long-term loan liabilities | 200,000 | 216,584 | 16,584 |
Total | 200,000 | 216,584 | 16,584 |
Debts and prepayments | | | |
Trade creditors, goods | 108,333 | 144,448 | 198,614 |
Trade creditors, other | 12,500 | 20,837 | 25,000 |
Employee-related liabilities | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 120,833 | 165,285 | 223,614 |
Total current liabilities | 320,833 | 381,869 | 240,198 |
Long-term liabilities | | | |
Long-term loan liabilities | | | |
Loans, notes and financial lease payables | 200,000 | 18,925 | 2,341 |
Total long-term liabilities | 200,000 | 18,925 | 2,341 |
Total liabilities | 520,833 | 400,793 | 242,539 |
Owners' equity | | | |
Share capital in nominal value | 250,000 | 250,000 | 250,000 |
Share premium | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Retained profit/loss | 0 | -215,880 | -48,772 |
Current year profit | -215,880 | 167,108 | 391,863 |
Total owners' equity | 34,120 | 201,228 | 593,091 |
Total liabilities and owners' equity | 554,953 | 602,021 | 835,630 |
Cash flow statement (USD) |
| Jan-2022 | Feb-2022 | Mar-2022 | Apr-2022 | May-2022 | Jun-2022 |
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | |
Inflows | | | | | | |
Payments from customers | 16,667 | 33,333 | 33,334 | 50,000 | 66,666 | 66,667 |
Total | 16,667 | 33,333 | 33,334 | 50,000 | 66,666 | 66,667 |
Outflows | | | | | | |
Payments to vendors (goods) | 14,444 | 36,111 | 21,667 | 36,111 | 57,777 | 43,334 |
Payment of salaries and wages | 33,700 | 33,700 | 33,700 | 33,700 | 33,700 | 33,700 |
Social security costs | 3,370 | 3,370 | 3,370 | 3,370 | 3,370 | 3,370 |
Payments to vendors (operating expenses) | 20,833 | 41,666 | 41,667 | 33,334 | 25,000 | 25,000 |
Total | 72,347 | 114,847 | 100,404 | 106,515 | 119,847 | 105,404 |
Net cash flow from operating activities | -55,681 | -81,514 | -67,070 | -56,515 | -53,181 | -38,737 |
| | | | | | |
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | |
Inflows | | | | | | |
Outflows | | | | | | |
Payments to vendors (assets) | 50,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 50,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Net cash flow from investing activities | -50,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | | | | | |
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | |
Inflows | | | | | | |
Payments from shareholders | 250,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Loan amounts received | 400,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 650,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Outflows | | | | | | |
Principal repayments | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Interest expense | 2,333 | 2,333 | 2,333 | 2,333 | 2,333 | 2,333 |
Dividends (net to shareholders) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Payment of corporate income tax | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Corporate income tax on dividends | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 2,333 | 2,333 | 2,333 | 2,333 | 2,333 | 2,333 |
Net cash flow from financing activities | 647,667 | -2,333 | -2,333 | -2,333 | -2,333 | -2,333 |
| | | | | | |
Net change in cash | 541,986 | -83,847 | -69,404 | -58,849 | -55,514 | -41,070 |
Cash at the beginning | 0 | 541,986 | 458,139 | 388,735 | 329,886 | 274,372 |
Cash at the end | 541,986 | 458,139 | 388,735 | 329,886 | 274,372 | 233,302 |
Cash flow statement (USD) |
| Q3-2022 | Q4-2022 | Q1-2023 | Q2-2023 |
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | | | | |
Inflows | | | | |
Payments from customers | 450,000 | 708,334 | 958,333 | 999,999 |
Total | 450,000 | 708,334 | 958,333 | 999,999 |
Outflows | | | | |
Payments to vendors (goods) | 346,667 | 505,556 | 668,055 | 649,999 |
Payment of salaries and wages | 101,100 | 101,100 | 143,700 | 143,700 |
Social security costs | 10,110 | 10,110 | 14,370 | 14,370 |
Payments to vendors (operating expenses) | 75,000 | 75,000 | 116,665 | 124,998 |
Total | 532,877 | 691,766 | 942,790 | 933,067 |
Net cash flow from operating activities | -82,877 | 16,568 | 15,543 | 66,932 |
| | | | |
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | | | | |
Inflows | | | | |
Outflows | | | | |
Payments to vendors (assets) | 0 | 0 | 100,000 | 0 |
Total | 0 | 0 | 100,000 | 0 |
Net cash flow from investing activities | 0 | 0 | -100,000 | 0 |
| | | | |
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | | | | |
Inflows | | | | |
Payments from shareholders | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Loan amounts received | 0 | 0 | 50,000 | 0 |
Total | 0 | 0 | 50,000 | 0 |
Outflows | | | | |
Principal repayments | 0 | 0 | 52,584 | 53,917 |
Interest expense | 7,000 | 7,000 | 6,828 | 6,118 |
Dividends (net to shareholders) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Payment of corporate income tax | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Corporate income tax on dividends | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 7,000 | 7,000 | 59,412 | 60,035 |
Net cash flow from financing activities | -7,000 | -7,000 | -9,412 | -60,035 |
| | | | |
Net change in cash | -89,877 | 9,568 | -93,869 | 6,896 |
Cash at the beginning | 233,302 | 143,425 | 152,993 | 59,124 |
Cash at the end | 143,425 | 152,993 | 59,124 | 66,021 |
Cash flow statement (USD) |
| 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | | | |
Inflows | | | |
Payments from customers | 1,425,000 | 3,958,332 | 5,437,500 |
Total | 1,425,000 | 3,958,332 | 5,437,500 |
Outflows | | | |
Payments to vendors (goods) | 1,061,667 | 2,618,055 | 3,602,083 |
Payment of salaries and wages | 404,400 | 574,800 | 702,000 |
Social security costs | 40,440 | 57,480 | 70,200 |
Payments to vendors (operating expenses) | 337,500 | 491,663 | 595,837 |
Total | 1,844,007 | 3,741,998 | 4,970,120 |
Net cash flow from operating activities | -419,007 | 216,334 | 467,380 |
| | | |
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | | | |
Inflows | | | |
Outflows | | | |
Payments to vendors (assets) | 50,000 | 100,000 | 0 |
Total | 50,000 | 100,000 | 0 |
Net cash flow from investing activities | -50,000 | -100,000 | 0 |
| | | |
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | | | |
Inflows | | | |
Payments from shareholders | 250,000 | 0 | 0 |
Loan amounts received | 400,000 | 50,000 | 0 |
Total | 650,000 | 50,000 | 0 |
Outflows | | | |
Principal repayments | 0 | 214,492 | 216,584 |
Interest expense | 28,000 | 22,409 | 7,816 |
Dividends (net to shareholders) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Payment of corporate income tax | 0 | 0 | 114,364 |
Corporate income tax on dividends | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 28,000 | 236,901 | 338,763 |
Net cash flow from financing activities | 622,000 | -186,901 | -338,763 |
| | | |
Net change in cash | 152,993 | -70,567 | 128,616 |
Cash at the beginning | 0 | 152,993 | 82,426 |
Cash at the end | 152,993 | 82,426 | 211,043 |
Risk Analysis
The risk analysis section should anticipate the events or conditions that could affect the business success during the term of the business plan. Discuss how likely it is that these events will occur and what steps you will take to limit the impact should these events occur.
Break-even analysis (USD) |
| 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
Sales revenue | 1,550,000 | 4,000,000 | 5,500,000 |
Cost of sales | 1,007,500 | 2,600,000 | 3,575,000 |
Variable expenses, total | 1,007,500 | 2,600,000 | 3,575,000 |
Labour cost | 444,840 | 632,280 | 772,200 |
Other operating expenses | 350,000 | 500,000 | 600,000 |
Depreciation of fixed assets | 7,500 | 22,500 | 22,500 |
Financial expenses | 28,000 | 22,409 | 7,816 |
Fixed expenses, total | 830,340 | 1,177,189 | 1,402,516 |
Gross margin | 35% | 35% | 35% |
Break-even sales revenue | 2,372,400 | 3,363,398 | 4,007,188 |
Sales revenue above break-even | 0 | 636,602 | 1,492,812 |
Funding needs analysis (USD) |
| 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | | | |
Inflows | | | |
Payments from customers | 1,425,000 | 3,958,332 | 5,437,500 |
Total | 1,425,000 | 3,958,332 | 5,437,500 |
Outflows | | | |
Payments to vendors (goods) | 1,061,667 | 2,618,055 | 3,602,083 |
Payment of salaries and wages | 404,400 | 574,800 | 702,000 |
Social security costs | 40,440 | 57,480 | 70,200 |
Payments to vendors (operating expenses) | 337,500 | 491,663 | 595,837 |
Total | 1,844,007 | 3,741,998 | 4,970,120 |
Net cash flow from operating activities | -419,007 | 216,334 | 467,380 |
| | | |
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | | | |
Inflows | | | |
Outflows | | | |
Payments to vendors (assets) | 50,000 | 100,000 | 0 |
Total | 50,000 | 100,000 | 0 |
Net cash flow from investing activities | -50,000 | -100,000 | 0 |
| | | |
Net change in cash | -469,007 | 116,334 | 467,380 |
Cash at the beginning | 0 | -469,007 | -352,673 |
Cash at the end | -469,007 | -352,673 | 114,707 |
Amount of funding needed (max) | 469,007 | | |